Ο επιβλητικός γκρεμός Πυρόγκρεμμος μεταξύ των χωριών Κάρμι και Φτέρυχα στον Πενταδάκτυλο
Photos 20/10/2016 by George Konstantinou
Γεωγραφική θέση
Το φυσικό τοπίο
Η ονομασία του χωριού
Ιστορικά στοιχεία
Πληθυσμός – όλες οι απογραφές 1881–1973
Η καθημερινή ζωή και οι δυσκολίες των κατοίκων
Γεωργία και τοπική οικονομία
Τα σπίτια και η μορφή του οικισμού
Η εκκλησία των Αποστόλων Πέτρου και Παύλου
Το δημοτικό σχολείο
Το κλείσιμο του σχολείου
Τα γεγονότα του 1963–1964
Η τουρκική εισβολή του 1974
Οι νεκροί και οι αγνοούμενοι
Η προσφυγοποίηση
Τα Φτέρυχα σήμερα και η διατήρηση της μνήμης
Στοιχεία καταγραφής
Πηγές
Ένωση Κοινοτήτων Επαρχίας Κερύνειας – Φτέρυχα
Μεγάλη Κυπριακή Εγκυκλοπαίδεια / Polignosi – Φτέριχα
Biodiversity of Cyprus – παλαιότερη καταγραφή του χωριού και στοιχεία φωτογραφιών
Ένωση Κοινοτήτων Κύπρου – Κοινότητες επαρχίας Κερύνειας
Ιερά Μητρόπολις Κυρηνείας / Εκκλησία της Κύπρου – Ιερός Ναός Αποστόλων Πέτρου και Παύλου
Δήμος Καραβά – Αγνοούμενοι, πεσόντες και φονευθέντες της περιοχής
Ένωση Κοινοτήτων Επαρχίας Κερύνειας – Φτέρυχα
Μεγάλη Κυπριακή Εγκυκλοπαίδεια / Polignosi – Φτέριχα
Biodiversity of Cyprus – παλαιότερη καταγραφή του χωριού και στοιχεία φωτογραφιών
Ένωση Κοινοτήτων Κύπρου – Κοινότητες επαρχίας Κερύνειας
Ιερά Μητρόπολις Κυρηνείας / Εκκλησία της Κύπρου – Ιερός Ναός Αποστόλων Πέτρου και Παύλου
Δήμος Καραβά – Αγνοούμενοι, πεσόντες και φονευθέντες της περιοχής
TEXT AND PHOTOS: GEORGE KONSTANTINOU – FTERICHA, 20/10/2016
Geographical location
Ftericha is a small occupied village in Kyrenia District, situated on the northern side of the Kyrenia mountain range. It lies approximately three kilometres from the sea and neighbours Karmi, Palaiosofos and Elia. The settlement was built on a green mountainside with panoramic views towards the northern coast of Cyprus.
Before the Turkish invasion of 1974, it was a Greek Cypriot community. Since 1974 the village has been situated within the territory of the Republic of Cyprus that remains under Turkish military occupation.
GeoNames gives the following coordinates for the populated place:
Village coordinates: 35.322800° N, 33.221213° E
Google Maps:
Ftericha – Google Maps
Full Blogger-compatible link:
https://www.google.com/maps/search/?api=1&query=35.322800%2C33.221213
Landscape and natural environment
Ftericha developed on a small slope of the Kyrenia mountain range, surrounded by low hills. Older local accounts refer in particular to a formerly pine-covered hill known as the “mountain of Kouseini”.
Vegetation was one of the defining features of the village. Olive and carob trees, lemons, cypresses, pines and large almond trees created an exceptionally green landscape. The flowering almond trees were particularly striking and attracted visitors from Kyrenia, Nicosia and elsewhere.
The impressive Pyrokremmos cliff, between Karmi and Ftericha, is another characteristic feature of the rugged landscape in this part of the Kyrenia range.
Origin of the name
One explanation holds that the name derives from the local word for fern-like plants that grew near the village's abundant water sources.
The Great Cyprus Encyclopedia notes that this etymology would favour the Greek spelling Φτέριχα, although Φτέρυχα is also officially used by the Union of Communities of Kyrenia District.
Historical background
The exact date of the village's foundation is unknown, and no clear reference to it has been identified in medieval sources.
During British rule, Ftericha was administratively connected with Karavas. In 1884, Ftericha, Motides, Palaiosofos and Elia jointly applied to form part of the rural municipality of Karavas, an application approved by High Commissioner Robert Biddulph.
The village consequently maintained close economic, educational, religious and social connections with Karavas and the neighbouring small communities.
Population – all censuses from 1881 to 1973
The official census figures were:
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1881 | 71 |
| 1891 | 96 |
| 1901 | 105 |
| 1911 | 114 |
| 1921 | 133 |
| 1931 | 157 |
| 1946 | 125 |
| 1960 | 121 |
| 1973 | 53 |
The population rose steadily from 71 in 1881 to 157 in 1931, after which it declined to 125 in 1946, 121 in 1960 and only 53 in 1973.
By the summer of 1974 only about twenty families remained in the village, many of them elderly. Younger inhabitants had increasingly moved elsewhere for employment and to provide easier access to education for their children.
Everyday life and infrastructure
The lack of regular transport was one of the community's greatest difficulties. Some villagers had to walk to Karavas or elsewhere for work and return home on foot in the evening.
Despite its small population, Ftericha had telephone service, electricity, surfaced roads and concrete irrigation channels before the invasion. Piped water had also recently been installed in the houses.
Many improvements were achieved through voluntary work by the inhabitants. Older records particularly mention Giannis Psomas, who served for many years as head of the village authority.
Agriculture and economy
Olives and carobs were characteristic crops, together with lemons, almonds and irrigated gardens.
Because of its proximity to Karavas, many inhabitants also depended on employment outside the village, combining this work with cultivation of their land.
Houses and settlement character
Ftericha remained a very small settlement. Before the invasion it consisted of approximately thirty modest houses, among which the Church of the Apostles Peter and Paul stood prominently.
Before 1974, some foreigners and residents of Nicosia had begun constructing holiday homes in the area, attracted by its greenery, tranquillity and sea views.
Church of the Apostles Peter and Paul
The village church is dedicated to the Apostles Peter and Paul. Community records state that it was built around 1930, at approximately the same time as the school. Its feast was celebrated on 29 June and attracted worshippers from neighbouring villages.
The church's status as the parish church of occupied Ftericha is also confirmed by the Holy Metropolis of Kyrenia.
For many years before the invasion, the priest was Father Aristotelis, who served in rotation at Ftericha, Agios Nikolaos in Elia and Agia Paraskevi in Palaiosofos. Major religious festivals were similarly shared among the three small communities.
The primary school
The small primary school stood next to the church. It had one classroom and one teacher, with the teacher's residence nearby.
Five or six children from neighbouring Elia also attended. They walked approximately 1.5 kilometres to Ftericha carrying their lunch in a small basket because classes continued during the afternoon.
The names of several teachers have been preserved: Kypros Proestos, Kostas Tsirtsipis, Georgios Georgiadis, Kostas Papadimitriou, Grigorios Orfanidis, Lakis Tsaggaridis, Nikos Dramiotis, Ioannis Menelaou and Stelios Panagidis.
As the number of children declined, the school closed a few years before the invasion. Remaining pupils were then transported by taxi to school in Karavas. The closure deeply affected the inhabitants, who saw it as a sign of the decline of their small community.
The events of 1963–1964
During the intercommunal conflict of 1963–1964, Turkish Cypriot armed groups occupied heights south of the village and raised their flag at Kourtella. The inhabitants organised round-the-clock watches to protect the community.
During an operation in the Kyrenia mountains in March 1964, a group from Ftericha also participated, according to the community account.
The Turkish invasion of 1974
The life of the community was violently interrupted in July 1974.
The Union of Communities of Kyrenia District records that the village was occupied during the first days of the Turkish invasion and that its inhabitants were temporarily taken captive. It also records killings, looting and other serious violence against civilians.
An older account states that Turkish soldiers gathered the villagers and foreigners who had sought refuge there at the country house of an English resident, Roger Lee, during the first days of the invasion.
Victims and missing persons
The consequences were particularly severe for such a small community. The Union of Communities of Kyrenia District records that two villagers were executed, while two others remained missing.
The Municipality of Karavas also maintains records concerning victims and missing persons from Ftericha, including Alexandros Vourkas, aged 54, who was arrested at his home after Turkish forces entered the village on 23 July 1974 and subsequently disappeared.
Displacement and the community in exile
The Greek Cypriot inhabitants were displaced and scattered throughout the government-controlled areas of the Republic of Cyprus.
For a community numbering only 53 inhabitants in the final pre-invasion census, displacement effectively ended the continuous everyday communal life that had developed there over generations.
Nevertheless, the community continues to exist institutionally. The Union of Cyprus Communities still lists the Ftericha Community Council among the communities of Kyrenia District.
Preserving the memory of Ftericha
Ftericha remains an occupied community of the Republic of Cyprus. It was a small village of only a few dozen houses, with its church, one-room school, orchards, olives, carobs and almond trees, and with close ties to Karavas, Elia and Palaiosofos.
Preserving the details of everyday life—the teachers, children walking to school, the priest serving three neighbouring villages, inhabitants walking to work and villagers volunteering their labour for community improvements—is particularly valuable. These details preserve not merely the geography of Ftericha but the human history of a small Cypriot community whose continuous life in its ancestral home was abruptly ended in 1974.
Record details
Village: Ftericha
District: Kyrenia
Status: Occupied community of the Republic of Cyprus
Community before 1974: Greek Cypriot
Population in 1973: 53
Distance from the sea: approximately 3 km
Village coordinates: 35.322800° N, 33.221213° E
Photographer: George Konstantinou
Photo location: Ftericha, Kyrenia District
Date photographed: 20/10/2016
Sources
Union of Communities of Kyrenia District – Ftericha
Great Cyprus Encyclopedia / Polignosi – Ftericha
Biodiversity of Cyprus – earlier village record and photographic information
Union of Cyprus Communities – Kyrenia District communities
Church of Cyprus – Holy Metropolis of Kyrenia, Church of the Apostles Peter and Paul
Municipality of Karavas – missing persons and victims of the area
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