Translate

Friday, 11 December 2015

Εκκλησία της Παναγίας της Κανακαριάς στην Λυθράγκωμη - Panayia Kanakaria church in Lythrangomi village - Cyprus

Στη Λυθράγκωμη, ένα χωριό της επαρχίας Αμμοχώστου στη περιφέρεια της τουρκοκρατούμενης Καρπασίας βρίσκεται ένα σπάνιο δείγμα της τέχνης του 6ου  αιώνα μ.Χ. ο Ναός της Παναγίας της Κανακαριάς. Πρόκειται για ένα ναό μοναστηριού αφιερωμένου στην Παναγία που βρίσκεται στο δυτικό άκρο του χωριού.
Υπάρχουν τρεις ερμηνείες της ονομασίας Κανακαριά. Η λαϊκή παράδοση αναφέρει ότι ένας Σαρακινός κτύπησε με ένα βέλος το γόνατο της εικόνας της Παναγίας που βρισκόταν έξω από την Εκκλησία στο τοίχο ή την κτύπησε με μαχαίρι. Αμέσως έτρεξε αίμα. Το μαχαίρι όμως γύρισε πίσω και καρφώθηκε στο χέρι του. Προσπάθησε να θεραπεύσει την πληγή του πηγαίνοντας στο διπλανό χωριό. Τρέχοντας φώναζε «καν, καν» δηλ. «αίματα, αίματα». Ο Σαρακινός πέθανε στο δρόμο. Από τότε η Παναγία ονομάστηκε Κανακαναριά.
Η δεύτερη ερμηνεία λέει ότι η Παναγία ονομάστηκε έτσι γιατί κτίστηκε από ένα κανακάρη, δηλ ένα μοναχοπαίδι.
Η τρίτη προέρχεται από το ψηφιδωτό της βρεφοκρατούσας Παναγίας, η οποία «κανακεύει» τον γιό της κρατώντας τον στα γόνατα της.
Ο Ναός της Παναγίας κτίστηκε στα ερείπια μιας παλαιοχριστιανικής βασιλικής και χρονολογείται στην εποχή της εικονομαχίας. Είναι τρίκλιτη βασιλική με τρούλο που το μεσαίο κλίτος καταλήγει σε αψίδα ημικυκλική και κτίστηκε τον 7ο αι. ως καθολικό της μονής. Ο ναός τον 12ο και 13ο αι. δέχτηκε πολλές αλλαγές ( τοίχοι και αψίδες στα πλάγια κλίτη, τρούλος στο μεσαίο κλίτος, νάρθηκας).
Τρία μωσαϊκά που σώζονται στις αψίδες τριών πρωτοχριστιανικών βασιλικών (Παναγίας Αγγελόκτιστης στο Κίτι, της Κυράς στα Λιβάδια και της Παναγίας της Κανακαριας) δίνουν μιαν εικόνα της μεγαλοπρέπειας και της ανυπέρβλητης ομορφιάς των μωσαϊκών που κοσμούσαν τις βασιλικές που καταστράφηκαν στις αραβικές επιδρομές
Το αρχαιότερο από τα τρία ψηφιδωτά βρισκόταν στην αψίδα της Εκκλησίας της Κανακαριάς.
Την κεντρική σύνθεση αποτελούσε η ένθρονη Παναγία σε μετωπική στάση κρατώντας τον Χριστό στα γόνατά της με τους Αρχαγγέλους Γαβριήλ και Μιχαήλ ως δορυφόρους σ’ ένα χρυσό πλαίσιο.Τό ψηφιδωτό βρισκόταν στη θέση του μέχρι το 1979.
Το κεφάλι της Παναγίας δεν έχει διασωθεί. Την όλη παράσταση περιέβαλλε πλατειά ζώνη με πλούσιο διάκοσμο από γεωμετρικά και φυτικά σχέδια και από δεκατρία μετάλλια με εικόνες του Χριστού και των αποστόλων. Συνολικά 9 μετάλλια με εικόνες των αποστόλων έχουν διασωθεί.
Το 1979 η Εκκλησία της Παναγίας υπέστη την καταστροφική μανία των Τούρκων εισβολέων. Αφαιρέθηκαν τα σπουδαία ψηφιδωτά του ναού, όπως διαπίστωσε η Αρχαιολογική Υπηρεσία της Κύπρου, τα οποία πουλήθηκαν σε εμπόρους αρχαιολογικών θησαυρών. Η διεκδίκηση επανάκτησης των θησαυρών έγινε από το κράτος και την Εκκλησία της Κύπρου μετά από μακρόχρονο αγώνα και προκάλεσε το παγκόσμιο ενδιαφέρον. Το 1989 το δικαστήριο των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών χαρακτήρισε τα ψηφιδωτά κλεμμένη ιδιοκτησία και διέταξε την επιστροφή τους στο νόμιμο ιδιοκτήτη τους δηλ. την Εκκλησία της Κύπρου.Πηγή http://www.diakonima.gr

In Lythrangomi, a small village of the Famagusta region in the Turkish occupied Karpasia peninsula,  one may find a rare specimen of the 6th century BC: The Church of Panagia Kanakaria. It is a monastery church which is devoted to the Virgin Mary and is situated at the far western corner of the village.
There are three meanings given to the name “Kanakaria”. Popular tradition says that a Saracen threw an arrow against Panagias’ knee on the icon, which was lying outside the church against the wall, or put a knife to the icon. However, the knife turned back and pierced his hand. He tried to mend the wound by appealing to the people at the next village. While running, he was shouting “kan, kan”, which means “blood”. He died on the way. The icon was thereafter named “Kanakaria”.
The second version says that Panagia was so named because it was built by an only child, “a kanakari”.
The third one relies on a mosaic which depicts Panagia embracing her Child, holding Him on her lap.
The church was built on the ruins of an early Christian Basilica, at the time of the Iconamachia. It is a three aisled domed basilica, whose central aisle ends in a semi circular apse dated to the 7thcentury and is regarded as the Katholikon of the monastery. The church had its walls, the side apses, the dome, the narthekas and the middle apse modified during the 12th and 13th century.
Three mosaic specimens which are found on the apses of three early Christian basilicas ( Panagia Angeloktisti at Kitium, of Kyras at Livadia and Panagia Kanakaria)give an idea of the grandeur and the immense beauty of the mosaics which adorned the basilicas destroyed during the Arab raids.  The oldest of the three mosaics was found on the apse of the Panagia Kanakaria.
Panagia, sitting on a front facing throne, holding Christ on her lap, was at the centre of the mosaic. Archangels Gabriel and Michael surrounded her on a golden background.  This mosaic was in place until 1979. Panagia’s head had not been preserved. The mosaic is surrounded by a frieze depicting the twelve apostles and Christ in medallions richly decorated with geometric and flowery designs. Only nine of the medallions with the apostles have been preserved.
In 1979, the Church was destroyed by the Turkish occupation troops. The unique mosaics have been looted and sold to dealers of archaeological treasures. The Church of Cyprus and the Cyprus government launched a long legal battle which caused worldwide interest. In 1989, a United States court described the mosaics as ‘stolen property’ and ordered their return to their rightful owner: the Church of Cyprus. From https://pemptousia.com
Photos 7/11/2015 by George Konstantinou

































Photo 18/9/2023 by George Konstantinou


Φράγμα (χαβούζα) στο χωριό Σύγκραση - Dan at village Sigkrasis - Ammochostos district - Cyprus

 Ο παλιός υδατοφράκτης γνωστός στους κατοίκους της περιοχής ως χαβούζα. Στο χώρο αυτό έχει απεικονισθεί το σχήμα της Κύπρου από κυπαρίσσια

Photos 7/11/2015 by George Konstantinou

See also

Φράγμα στο Καλό χωριό Καπούτι - Dam at Kapouti village - Cyprus


Photos   13/11/2015 by George Konstantinou






Goniobranchus annulatus (Eliot, 1904) - Cyprus

Goniobranchus annulatus is a species of sea slug, a very colourful dorid nudibranch, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chromodorididae.
Goniobranchus annulatus is a large smooth pale-bodied nudibranch with many vivid yellow spots, though these may be absent in some individuals. It has one purple ring around the gills and another ring around the rhinophores. The mantle usually has a purple border. It may grow to 100mm in total length. The gills are triangular in cross-section
This nudibranch was described from Zanzibar. It occurs in the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, from the East Coast of South Africa toThailand.It is a Lessepsian migrant and has recently invaded the Mediterranean Sea, presumably through the Suez Canal.  From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
















Underwater photo and video Protaras 30m 20.06.2013 by Costas Constantinou































Thursday, 10 December 2015

Red Soldierfish - Sargocentron rubrum (Forsskål, 1775) Ρώσος - Cyprus


Lessepsian migrant to Mediterranean
Sargocentron rubrum, also known as redcoat, is a member of the family Holocentridae of the order Beryciformes. Squirrelfish in general are large, active, nocturnal fish which are usually red in color.
It is found in the Indian Ocean, from the Red Sea to the West Pacific, where it ranges from southern Japan to New Caledonia and New South Wales, Australia. Recently recorded also in Tonga. It invaded the eastern Mediterranean via the Suez Canal. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Underwater photo Liopetri  by Costas Constantinou













Lime urchin, Black sea urchin, Grabaskey's bane or Long-spined sea urchin -- Diadema antillarum (Philippi, 1845) - Cyprus

Diadema antillarum, also known as the lime urchinblack sea urchinGrabaskey's bane or the long-spined sea urchin, is aspecies of sea urchin in the Family Diadematidae.
This sea urchin is characterized by its exceptionally long black spines.
It is the most abundant and important herbivore on the coral reefs of the western Atlantic and Caribbean basin. When the population of these sea urchins is at a healthy level, they are the main grazers which prevent algae overgrowth of the reef.
Diadema antillarum has a test, or "shell," similar to most other sea urchins. What distinguishes the Diadema is the length of its spines. Most sea urchin spines are 1–3 cm, but the spines in this species are usually 10–12 cm in length, and can grow as long as 30 cm in very large individuals.
This species usually lives at 1–10 metres in depth on coral reefs. They will often lodge themselves in a crevice, so that only their spines can be seen, but individual urchins who can't find a suitable crevice will live in more exposed situations. Individuals that have been able to find a crevice usually will roam about one metre from their crevice at night during feeding. Diadema is very sensitive to light, and will often pick its crevice or resting place based on how much shade there is.
Diadema mostly eat algae, and sometimes seagrass. Starving urchins have been known to become carnivorous.
Diadema antillarum is still, in some tropical areas, one of the most abundant, widespread, and ecologically-important shallow-water sea urchins. It is found in the tropical Western Atlantic Ocean, including the Caribbean SeaGulf of Mexico and the northern and eastern coasts of South America (as far south as Brazil). It is also found in the East Atlantic at the Canary Islands. This species is ecologically important because it consumes algae that can otherwise grow to such an extent that they can smother coral reefs. They live in holes that are in the reef.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Underwater photo Liopetri area 6th of July 2014 5mts deep by Costas Constantinou





Felimare cantabrica (Bouchet & Ortea, 1980)

Felimare cantabrica is a species of colourful sea slug or dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Chromodorididae
This nudibranch is found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) and the Atlantic coasts of Spain and Portugal.
Felimare cantabrica has a light and dark blue body, flecked with yellow lines and spots. Its mantle edge is lined with yellow-light blue-yellow banding. The gills and rhinophores are purple.
This species can reach a total length of at least 40 mm and has been observed feeding on sponges from the genus Dysidea. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Underwater photo Xylophagou 15mts deep,26.09.2015 by Costas Constantinou

Common bottlenose dolphins - Tursiops truncatus - (Montagu, 1821) Ρινοδέλφινο - Cyprus

The common bottlenose dolphin is grey in color and may be between 2 and 4 m (6.6 and 13.1 ft) long, and weighs between 150 and 650 kg (330 and 1,430 lb).[9] Males are generally larger and heavier than females. In most parts of the world, the adult's length is between 2.5 and 3.5 m (8.2 and 11.5 ft) with weight ranging between 200 and 500 kg (440 and 1,100 lb). Newborn calves are between 0.8 and 1.4 m (2 ft 7 in and 4 ft 7 in) long and weigh between 15 and 30 kg (33 and 66 lb). They can live as long as 40–50 years. Sexual maturity varies by population, and ranges from 5–14 years of age. Dolphins have a short and well-defined snout that looks like an old-fashioned gin bottle, which is the source for their common name. Like all whales and dolphins, though, the snout is not a functional nose; the nose has instead evolved into the blowhole on the top of their heads. Their necks are more flexible than other dolphins' due to five of their seven vertebrae not being fused together as is seen in other dolphin species
Common bottlenose dolphins live in groups called pods that typically number about 15 individuals, but group size varies from pairs of dolphins to over 100 or even occasionally over 1000 animals for short periods of time. Their diets consist mainly of eels, squid, shrimp and wide variety of fishes. They do not chew their food, instead swallowing it whole. Dolphin groups often work as a team to harvest schools of fish, though they also hunt individually. Dolphins search for prey primarily using echolocation, which is a form of sonar. They emit clicking sounds and listen for the return echoes to determine the location and shape of nearby items, including potential prey.Dolphins also use sound for communication, including squeaks emitted from the blowhole, whistles emitted from nasal sacs below the blowhole, and sounds emitted through body language, such as leaping from the water and slapping their tails on the water. Their heads contain an oily substance that both acts as an acoustic lens and protects the brain case.
T. truncatus can be found in the temperate, subtropical and tropical oceans worldwide. Some bottlenose populations live closer to the shore (inshore populations) and others live further out to sea (offshore populations). Generally, offshore populations are larger, darker, and have proportionally shorter fins and beaks. Offshore populations can migrate up to 4,200 km (2,600 mi) in a season, but inshore populations tend to move less. However, some inshore populations make long migrations in response to El Niño events.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Underwater photo 18.05.2014 Protaras  by Costas Constantinou


Reflexed jewel box - Chama pacifica (Broderip, 1835) - Cyprus

Family Chamidae

Chama is a genus of cemented saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Chamidae, the jewel boxes.

Underwater photo  Ayia Napa, 07.06.2015  by Costas Constantinou